Валентина Скультэ. Английский язык. Часть 2.

Тридцать первый урок. Часть 3. The thirty-first lesson. Part 3.

Объяснения к уроку.

Глагол «get».

Глагол «get» употребляется как самостоятельно, так и в сочетании с другими словами, при этом он имеет различные значения.

«get» - «получать»:

I got a lot of presents. — Я получил много подарков.

Не got a four yesterday. — Он получил 4-ку вчера.

«to have got» - «иметь»:

I have got the book. — У меня есть эта (the) книга.

Who has got a pencil? — У кого есть карандаш?

«get» - «добираться»:

They got home very late. — Они добрались до дома очень поздно.

«get» + прилагательное - «становиться»:

It is getting colder. — Становится холоднее.

He got rich. — Он разбогател (стал богат).

«get» + past participle - «делаться»:

My shoes got worn out. — Мои туфли износились.

He got tired. — Он утомился (устал).

«to get across» - «перебраться»:

At last they got across the river. — Наконец они перебрались через реку.

«to get along (on)» - «поживать»:

How are you getting along (on)? — Как вы поживаете?

«to get into» - «войти»:

They could not get into the house. — Они не могли попасть (войти) в дом.

«to get out» - «вылезать»:

Get out of the closet, you little coward? — Вылезай из чулана, маленький трус!

«to get off» - «слезать»:

The rider got off his horse. — Всадник слез с лошади.

«to get up» - «вставать»:

When do you get up? — Когда вы встаёте?

«to get together» - «собирать»:

They got all their things together. — Они собрали все свои вещи вместе.

«to get rid of...» - «отделаться от»:

The boys wanted to get rid of their little sister. — Мальчики хотели отделаться от своей маленькой сестрёнки.

Местоимение «it».

Местоимение «it» может иметь несколько значений.

Как личное оно заменяет все неодушевлённые существительные, а также животных, когда пол данных животных безразличен для говорящего.

Пример:

I have a book. It is interesting. — У меня есть книга. Она интересная.

I see a cat. It is under the table. — Я вижу кошку. Она под столом.

«It» может служить формальным подлежащим в предложении. В этом случае «it» не будет переводиться на русский язык.

При сообщениях о явлениях природы.

Пример:

It is winter. — Зима

It is cold. — Холодно.

It often rains in September. — В сентябре часто идёт дождь.

При обозначении времени или расстояния.

Пример:

It is morning. — Утро.

It is five o’clock. — Пять часов.

It is far. — Далеко.

Кроме того, формальное «it» употребляется в выражениях:

Пример:

It is difficult. — Трудно.

It is important. — Важно.

Обороты «there is» и «there are».

В английском языке есть особые обороты «there is» и «there are», которые употребляются в значении «имеется», «находится», «есть», «существует». Этот оборот стоит в начале предложения и в большинстве случаев употребляется при наличии в предложении обстоятельства места.

Пример:

There is a difficult sentence in my exercise. — В моём упражнении есть трудное предложение.

There is no sense in what he is saying. — В том, что он говорит, нет смысла.

There is nothing interesting in this book. — В этой книге нет ничего интересного.

Лингафонные упражнения:

Прослушайте упражнение № 1 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

Did he keep his promise?

Yes, he did.

If he promises something, he always keeps his promise.

Open the closet and give me some nails and a hammer.

What did you get for your English dictation the day before yesterday?

I got a three.

When the rider got to the river, it was already dark.

Who has got my new pen, I wonder?

The day was getting warmer and warmer so that they had to take their coats off.

The ink got spilt all over the writing-table.

The car was driving at hill speed across the field.

He always gets angry so suddenly.

Hello, Sam!

How are you getting along?

How is your sister getting on?

Thanks, she is fine.

When the boy got down from the tree, his friend was gone.

How could they have got in there?

They got in through the window.

Get out of that closet at once!

The man got off the lorry and suddenly started running along the street.

She got up very late that morning and had no time to prepare her lessons.

Who can recite the story by heart?

The children tried to get rid of the dog that was running after them.

Is there any use reading English stories if you don’t know words?

It is very useful to read aloud.

It’s better to learn three words a day than thirty words once a week.

It was very still in the house.

It is ten o’clock already.

It is nice to lie in the sun.

Is there a stove in your room?

No, there isn’t.

There is a radiator in our room.

There are lots of flowers in their garden.

There is a lot of birds there.

Прослушайте упражнение № 2 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

How did the doctor get money so unexpectedly?

While Mrs. Dale was on her way to the market she came to the place, where an accident had happened.

Mr. Trant owned a car.

The man happened to be one of Mr. Dale's friends.

The soldier was badly wounded.

He happened to be in the same bus as his uncle.

“Is his wound still bleeding?” the doctor asked.

May I bandage it with my handkerchief?

Was the man badly wounded?

The driver helped to carry the wounded man to the hospital.

When did he tell you about the accident?

Прослушайте упражнение № 3 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

When did you bring the book?

I brought it yesterday.

Where did you buy it?

I bought it at the bookshop.

Who helped you to find it?

I found it myself.

Did your father teach you to read French?

No, Mother taught me.

Did you fight with Jimmy?

No, I did not.

Did you understand him?

Yes, I did.

Where did you catch that bird?

I caught it in the garden.

Who helped you?

My dog did.

When did you see Lily?

I saw her yesterday.

Have you spoken to him about it?

Not yet.

Have they finished dinner?

Yes, they have.

Have you cleaned up the room?

No, I have not.

Has your aunt returned?

Yes, she has.

Have you read this book?

No, I have not.

Has the game ended?

Not yet.

Don’t tell her about it!

But I have told her already!

I have already heard the story.

We have never been to Leningrad.

Прослушайте упражнение № 4 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

It was very dark in the forest.

It was he who decided to catch the fox.

There was a strange rustle under the bush.

It was rather pleasant to sit in the sun.

There were three apple-trees right in front of the house.

It is time to begin our lessons.

There is still time to warn him.

There was a time when people lived in caves.

“It is a lie!” Lily cried.

There is nobody there!” Jimmy said.

It was raining when they came out into the street.

There was no wind when she opened her window.

There is some milk in the bottle.

There is one thing that I cannot understand.

It is not true.

There is not a bit of truth in what he is saying.

It was very far from our school.

There was a lot of books in our library.

There were few people in the garden that night.

Прослушайте упражнение № 5 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

The Picture

Mr. Christine got money quite unexpectedly,

and he thought himself rich,

as he had never had so much money at one time.

This is how it happened.

While doctor Christine was walking along a street in London,

he came to a place where an accident had happened.

The owner of one of the cars was badly hurt.

Mr. Christine ran to help the man.

He bandaged his bleeding arm

and helped to carry him home.

When the patient regained consciousness,

he thanked Mr. Christine and paid him for his help.

As you know there is not any free medical assistance in England,

every patient has to pay the physician his fee.

On his way home, the doctor opened the envelope

into which Mr. Trant had put the money and counted it.

He was very much surprised,

as he had not expected to find there such a large sum of money.

So Mr. Christine went straight to a big store

and bought the picture he had dreamt of buying

as soon as he had the money.

When he brought the picture home,

Lily clapped her hands and danced with joy.

She had heard of that picture before

and she knew how eager her father was to buy it.

“Oh, Daddy, I’m so glad you’ve kept your promise!”

the little girl cried, dancing about the room.

“What promise, child? I don’t remember any promise,” Lily’s father said.

“Don’t you remember?”

“You promised to buy the picture as soon as you had the money,” Lily said.

“Oh, that! Well, you see, I’ve kept my promise.”

“Now let’s hang this beautiful picture on that wall.”

“Will you help me?”

“Yes, Daddy, I will, gladly,” the little girl said.

“Then run and fetch me some nails and a hammer, Quick!”

“Yes, I shall. But where are they?” Lily asked gaily.

“The nails are in the box in the closet”

“and the hammer is in the left-hand drawer of my writing-table.”

“Hurry, now!” her father said.

Разговорные упражнения:

Пройдите упражнение № 1 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

Did he keep his promise?

Yes, he did.

If he promises something, he always keeps his promise.

Open the closet and give me some nails and a hammer.

What did you get for your English dictation the day before yesterday?

I got a three.

When the rider got to the river, it was already dark.

Who has got my new pen, I wonder?

The day was getting warmer and warmer so that they had to take their coats off.

The ink got spilt all over the writing-table.

The car was driving at hill speed across the field.

He always gets angry so suddenly.

Hello, Sam!

How are you getting along?

How is your sister getting on?

Thanks, she is fine.

When the boy got down from the tree, his friend was gone.

How could they have got in there?

They got in through the window.

Get out of that closet at once!

The man got off the lorry and suddenly started running along the street.

She got up very late that morning and had no time to prepare her lessons.

Who can recite the story by heart?

The children tried to get rid of the dog that was running after them.

Is there any use reading English stories if you don’t know words?

It is very useful to read aloud.

It’s better to learn three words a day than thirty words once a week.

It was very still in the house.

It is ten o’clock already.

It is nice to lie in the sun.

Is there a stove in your room?

No, there isn’t.

There is a radiator in our room.

There are lots of flowers in their garden.

There is a lot of birds there.

Пройдите упражнение № 2 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

How did the doctor get money so unexpectedly?

While Mrs. Dale was on her way to the market she came to the place, where an accident had happened.

Mr. Trant owned a car.

The man happened to be one of Mr. Dale's friends.

The soldier was badly wounded.

He happened to be in the same bus as his uncle.

“Is his wound still bleeding?” the doctor asked.

May I bandage it with my handkerchief?

Was the man badly wounded?

The driver helped to carry the wounded man to the hospital.

When did he tell you about the accident?

Пройдите упражнение № 3 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

When did you bring the book?

I brought it yesterday.

Where did you buy it?

I bought it at the bookshop.

Who helped you to find it?

I found it myself.

Did your father teach you to read French?

No, Mother taught me.

Did you fight with Jimmy?

No, I did not.

Did you understand him?

Yes, I did.

Where did you catch that bird?

I caught it in the garden.

Who helped you?

My dog did.

When did you see Lily?

I saw her yesterday.

Have you spoken to him about it?

Not yet.

Have they finished dinner?

Yes, they have.

Have you cleaned up the room?

No, I have not.

Has your aunt returned?

Yes, she has.

Have you read this book?

No, I have not.

Has the game ended?

Not yet.

Don’t tell her about it!

But I have told her already!

I have already heard the story.

We have never been to Leningrad.

Пройдите упражнение № 4 »»»

Развернуть текст упражнения.

Чтобы увидеть перевод предложения, кликните по нему.

It was very dark in the forest.

It was he who decided to catch the fox.

There was a strange rustle under the bush.

It was rather pleasant to sit in the sun.

There were three apple-trees right in front of the house.

It is time to begin our lessons.

There is still time to warn him.

There was a time when people lived in caves.

“It is a lie!” Lily cried.

There is nobody there!” Jimmy said.

It was raining when they came out into the street.

There was no wind when she opened her window.

There is some milk in the bottle.

There is one thing that I cannot understand.

It is not true.

There is not a bit of truth in what he is saying.

It was very far from our school.

There was a lot of books in our library.

There were few people in the garden that night.

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